KinchAstro
  • Home Page
  • Progress through the years
    • 2023 Images >
      • Messier 101 (2023)
      • SH2-278
      • Soul Nebula (2023)
      • NGC 1491 (Fossil Footprint) 2023
      • IC 443 (Jellyfish Nebula) 2023
    • 2022 Images >
      • Andromeda Galaxy (2022)
      • SH2-173
      • Bat Nebula in Eastern Veil
      • SH2-124
      • NGC 7380 Wizard (2022)
      • SH2-132 (2022)
      • Cygnus Butterfly
      • SH2-140 & SH2-145
      • SNR G082.2+05.3
      • Just one area of Gas & Dust in Cygnus
      • Propeller Nebula (2022)
      • Around NGC 6914
      • SH2-115 & Abell 71 Wide Field
      • IC 4685
      • M20 - Trifid Nebula
      • SH2-101 (2022)
      • WR 134 in Cygnus
      • M 17 (2022)
      • M5 Star Cluster
      • Cederblad 51
      • Cone Nebula to NGC 2259
      • NGC 2353 (Stars & Stuff)
      • SH2-232 (2022)
      • IC 410 (Tadpoles) - 2022
    • 2021 Images >
      • SH2-224 (2021)
      • NGC 2174 (2021)
      • SH2-284 (2021)
      • Cocoon Nebula
      • SH2-261
      • Heart Nebula 2021
      • LBN 437 (SH2-126)
      • IC 1848 - Soul Nebula
      • SNR G082.2+05.3
      • SH2-135
      • LDN 909 & DWB 111
      • IC 5068
      • SH2-119
      • North of Sadr (Cygnus)
      • The Blue Horse Head Nebula
      • Messier 3 (2021)
      • Pink Moon Apr.2021
      • NGC 1499 (California Nebula)
      • MW2 (Dust Angel)
      • IC 2177 (Seagull) 2021
      • Abell 31 (2021)
      • SH2-308 Dolphin Nebula
      • M78
      • Jones Emberson 1 (2021)
      • HFG1 & Abell 6
      • SH2-282
    • 2020 Images >
      • Abell 21 (2020) Madusa Nebula
      • SH2-200
      • M33 (2020)
      • SH2-112
      • SH2-132 (2020)
      • IC 1805 - Heart Nebula
      • SH2-155 - Cave Nebula
      • SH2-114 - The Flying Dragon
      • SH2-115
      • Abell 85 (CTB-1)
      • LDN1235 - Shark Nebula
      • IC 1396 with Elephant Trunk Nebula
      • IC 1311
      • Crescent toward Sadr
      • SH2-54 & NGC 6604
      • IC 1318 Sadr Region
      • IC4592 - Blue Horsehead
      • Rho Ophiuchi
      • NGC 2259
      • Horsehead & Flame
      • IC 2177
      • SH2-232
      • SH2-284
      • SH2-280 or LBN 973
      • Rosette Nebula
    • 2019 Images >
      • Veil Nebula
      • NGC 7822 (2019)
      • Lobster Claw & Bubble
      • Tulip Nebula & NGC 6871
      • Earth's Moon
      • Propeller Nebula
      • NGC 7129 & NGC 7142
      • NGC 7023 - Iris Nebula
      • M108 & M97
      • M13 Globular Cluster
      • HCG 44
      • M81 & M82
      • M5 Star Cluster
      • M3 Star Cluster
      • NGC 4565
      • M 101 Galaxy (2019)
      • Abell 33
      • M1 Crab Nebula
      • IC 410 Tadpoles
      • Jellyfish Nebula
    • 2018 Images >
      • Simeis 147
      • North America & Pelican
      • NGC 7635 Bubble Nebula
      • NGC 7822 (2018)
      • NGC 281 Pacman Nebula
      • Soap Bubble & Crescent Nebula
      • NGC 2327 Seagull Nebula HaSHO
      • NGC 2327 Seagull Nebula Ha
      • NGC 2359 Thor's Helmet
      • Jones Emberson 1
    • 2017 Images >
      • M31 Andromeda Galaxy
      • NGC 7293 Helix Nebula
      • NGC 2174 Monkey Head Nebula
      • M16 Eagle Nebula
      • NGC 6820 & NGC 6823
      • Abell 21 (2017) Medusa Nebula
      • Sh2-290
      • NGC 2264 NB Colour
      • NGC 2264
      • IC 2118 Witch Head Nebula
      • M42 Orion Nebula
    • 2016 Images >
      • Cederblad 214
      • NGC 1491
      • IC 1795 The Fishhead Nebula
      • Bubble Nebula (2016)
      • NGC 7380 Wizard Nebula
      • Pickering's Triangle
      • Caldwell 33
      • Eastern Veil Nebula (Caldwell 33) - Ha
      • SH2-132
      • SH2-155 The Cave Nebula
      • Cave Nebula (Ha)
      • NGC7000 & IC5070
      • Cygnus Wall
      • M13
      • Pelican Nebula
      • M 101 Galaxy (2016)
      • M3 - Star Cluster
      • IC 2177 - Seagull Nebula
      • A few Planetary Nebulae
      • Waxing Moon
      • Rosette Nebula - HSHO
      • Rosette Nebula - Ha
      • Earth's Moon
      • Horse Head & Flame Nebulae
      • NGC 2359
    • 2015 Images >
      • Tadpoles - Crop
      • IC 405 & IC 410
      • IC410 Tadpole Nebula Full
      • IC410 Tadpole Nebula
      • Soul Nebula
      • Dumbbell Nebula
      • M33 Triangulum Galaxy
      • NGC 281 PacMan Nebula
      • Melotte 15 (Heart of the Heart Nebula)
      • Heart Nebula
      • NGC 7822 (2015)
      • Propeller Nebula
      • Pickering's Triangle
      • Omega Nebula
      • Elephant's Trunk Nebula
      • M108 & M97
      • IC 2177
      • Cone & Christmas Tree
      • Monkey Head Nebula
      • Bubble Nebula & M52 (Open Cluster)
      • The Rosette
      • Jellyfish Nebula
    • 2014 Images >
      • Crab Nebula (2014)
      • The Horsehead & Flame
      • The Rosette Nebula
      • Thor's Helmet
      • Leo Triplet
      • Sombrero Galaxy
      • Pinwheel Galaxy
      • Eagle Nebula
      • Lagoon Nebula
      • Pelican Nebula
      • Veil Nebula
      • Great Orion Nebula
    • 2013 Images
    • ....and before!
  • Putting in the Observatory
    • Observatory
    • Foundation Area
    • Foundation 1
    • Foundation 2
    • Building the Pier
    • Pier Completed
    • All wired up.
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    • Observatory arrives
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    • Ready to bolt the base to the concrete
    • Dome ready to go on.
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    • Side panel fitted.
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    • Solar Panel Power
    • Observatory 2
  • My Astro Imaging Gear
    • List of Hardware & Software
    • Connection Diagram - Electrical
    • Connection Diagrams - Hardware
    • Equatorial Mounts >
      • Takahashi EM 400 Temma 2
      • Takahashi EM200 Temma 2
    • Telescopes >
      • Takahashi FSQ130ED
      • Tak FSQ 106 ED
      • Tak FS 60 CB
      • Meade LX200R
    • Cameras >
      • QSI 6120i
      • QHY 5 II
      • Atik 460 EX
    • Other Equipment >
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      • Other Gear
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  • On a more personal note...
Picture
M78 Reflection Nebula
            Previous                                          Click on the image to enlarge.                                                   Next
Messier 78 or M 78, also known as NGC 2068, is a reflection nebula in the constellation Orion. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1780 and included by Charles Messier in his catalog of comet-like objects that same year.
M78 is the brightest diffuse reflection nebula of a group of nebulae that includes NGC 2064, NGC 2067 and NGC 2071. This group belongs to the Orion B molecular cloud complex and is about 1,350 light-years distant from Earth. M78 is easily found in small telescopes as a hazy patch and involves two stars of 10th and 11th magnitude. These two B-type stars, HD 38563 A and HD 38563 B, are responsible for making the cloud of dust in M78 visible by reflecting their light.
The M78 cloud contains a cluster of stars that is visible in the infrared. Due to gravity, the molecular gas in the nebula has fragmented into a hierarchy of clumps, the denser cores of which about to form stars with masses of up to 5 M☉. About 45 variable stars of the T Tauri type, young stars still in the process of formation. Similarly, 17 Herbig–Haro objects are known in M78.


Imaging telescopes or lenses: Takahashi FSQ130ED
Imaging cameras: QSI 6120i
Mounts: Takahashi EM 400 Temma 2
Guiding cameras: QHY CCD QHY 5 II
Focal Extender / Reducer:  Tak QE 0.73x
Software: PHD 2,  Astro Pixel Processer, PixInsight ,  Sequence Generator Pro SGP
Filters: Astrodon L,R,G,B, 
Accessories: ATIK EFW2

Original Resolution: 3158 x 2262
Dates: Jan. 31 - Feb. 02, 2021
Frames:
Astrodon Lum: 90x120" 
Astrodon RGB: 3x20x120" 
Integration: 5 Hours 

Center (RA, Dec):            (86.697, 0.134)
Center (RA, hms):           05h 46m 47.167s
Center (Dec, dms):         +00° 08' 01.308"
Size:      70.7 x 50.7 arcmin
Radius: 0.725 deg
Pixel scale:         1.34 arcsec/pixel
Orientation:       Up is 90.7 degrees E of N

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  • Home Page
  • Progress through the years
    • 2023 Images >
      • Messier 101 (2023)
      • SH2-278
      • Soul Nebula (2023)
      • NGC 1491 (Fossil Footprint) 2023
      • IC 443 (Jellyfish Nebula) 2023
    • 2022 Images >
      • Andromeda Galaxy (2022)
      • SH2-173
      • Bat Nebula in Eastern Veil
      • SH2-124
      • NGC 7380 Wizard (2022)
      • SH2-132 (2022)
      • Cygnus Butterfly
      • SH2-140 & SH2-145
      • SNR G082.2+05.3
      • Just one area of Gas & Dust in Cygnus
      • Propeller Nebula (2022)
      • Around NGC 6914
      • SH2-115 & Abell 71 Wide Field
      • IC 4685
      • M20 - Trifid Nebula
      • SH2-101 (2022)
      • WR 134 in Cygnus
      • M 17 (2022)
      • M5 Star Cluster
      • Cederblad 51
      • Cone Nebula to NGC 2259
      • NGC 2353 (Stars & Stuff)
      • SH2-232 (2022)
      • IC 410 (Tadpoles) - 2022
    • 2021 Images >
      • SH2-224 (2021)
      • NGC 2174 (2021)
      • SH2-284 (2021)
      • Cocoon Nebula
      • SH2-261
      • Heart Nebula 2021
      • LBN 437 (SH2-126)
      • IC 1848 - Soul Nebula
      • SNR G082.2+05.3
      • SH2-135
      • LDN 909 & DWB 111
      • IC 5068
      • SH2-119
      • North of Sadr (Cygnus)
      • The Blue Horse Head Nebula
      • Messier 3 (2021)
      • Pink Moon Apr.2021
      • NGC 1499 (California Nebula)
      • MW2 (Dust Angel)
      • IC 2177 (Seagull) 2021
      • Abell 31 (2021)
      • SH2-308 Dolphin Nebula
      • M78
      • Jones Emberson 1 (2021)
      • HFG1 & Abell 6
      • SH2-282
    • 2020 Images >
      • Abell 21 (2020) Madusa Nebula
      • SH2-200
      • M33 (2020)
      • SH2-112
      • SH2-132 (2020)
      • IC 1805 - Heart Nebula
      • SH2-155 - Cave Nebula
      • SH2-114 - The Flying Dragon
      • SH2-115
      • Abell 85 (CTB-1)
      • LDN1235 - Shark Nebula
      • IC 1396 with Elephant Trunk Nebula
      • IC 1311
      • Crescent toward Sadr
      • SH2-54 & NGC 6604
      • IC 1318 Sadr Region
      • IC4592 - Blue Horsehead
      • Rho Ophiuchi
      • NGC 2259
      • Horsehead & Flame
      • IC 2177
      • SH2-232
      • SH2-284
      • SH2-280 or LBN 973
      • Rosette Nebula
    • 2019 Images >
      • Veil Nebula
      • NGC 7822 (2019)
      • Lobster Claw & Bubble
      • Tulip Nebula & NGC 6871
      • Earth's Moon
      • Propeller Nebula
      • NGC 7129 & NGC 7142
      • NGC 7023 - Iris Nebula
      • M108 & M97
      • M13 Globular Cluster
      • HCG 44
      • M81 & M82
      • M5 Star Cluster
      • M3 Star Cluster
      • NGC 4565
      • M 101 Galaxy (2019)
      • Abell 33
      • M1 Crab Nebula
      • IC 410 Tadpoles
      • Jellyfish Nebula
    • 2018 Images >
      • Simeis 147
      • North America & Pelican
      • NGC 7635 Bubble Nebula
      • NGC 7822 (2018)
      • NGC 281 Pacman Nebula
      • Soap Bubble & Crescent Nebula
      • NGC 2327 Seagull Nebula HaSHO
      • NGC 2327 Seagull Nebula Ha
      • NGC 2359 Thor's Helmet
      • Jones Emberson 1
    • 2017 Images >
      • M31 Andromeda Galaxy
      • NGC 7293 Helix Nebula
      • NGC 2174 Monkey Head Nebula
      • M16 Eagle Nebula
      • NGC 6820 & NGC 6823
      • Abell 21 (2017) Medusa Nebula
      • Sh2-290
      • NGC 2264 NB Colour
      • NGC 2264
      • IC 2118 Witch Head Nebula
      • M42 Orion Nebula
    • 2016 Images >
      • Cederblad 214
      • NGC 1491
      • IC 1795 The Fishhead Nebula
      • Bubble Nebula (2016)
      • NGC 7380 Wizard Nebula
      • Pickering's Triangle
      • Caldwell 33
      • Eastern Veil Nebula (Caldwell 33) - Ha
      • SH2-132
      • SH2-155 The Cave Nebula
      • Cave Nebula (Ha)
      • NGC7000 & IC5070
      • Cygnus Wall
      • M13
      • Pelican Nebula
      • M 101 Galaxy (2016)
      • M3 - Star Cluster
      • IC 2177 - Seagull Nebula
      • A few Planetary Nebulae
      • Waxing Moon
      • Rosette Nebula - HSHO
      • Rosette Nebula - Ha
      • Earth's Moon
      • Horse Head & Flame Nebulae
      • NGC 2359
    • 2015 Images >
      • Tadpoles - Crop
      • IC 405 & IC 410
      • IC410 Tadpole Nebula Full
      • IC410 Tadpole Nebula
      • Soul Nebula
      • Dumbbell Nebula
      • M33 Triangulum Galaxy
      • NGC 281 PacMan Nebula
      • Melotte 15 (Heart of the Heart Nebula)
      • Heart Nebula
      • NGC 7822 (2015)
      • Propeller Nebula
      • Pickering's Triangle
      • Omega Nebula
      • Elephant's Trunk Nebula
      • M108 & M97
      • IC 2177
      • Cone & Christmas Tree
      • Monkey Head Nebula
      • Bubble Nebula & M52 (Open Cluster)
      • The Rosette
      • Jellyfish Nebula
    • 2014 Images >
      • Crab Nebula (2014)
      • The Horsehead & Flame
      • The Rosette Nebula
      • Thor's Helmet
      • Leo Triplet
      • Sombrero Galaxy
      • Pinwheel Galaxy
      • Eagle Nebula
      • Lagoon Nebula
      • Pelican Nebula
      • Veil Nebula
      • Great Orion Nebula
    • 2013 Images
    • ....and before!
  • Putting in the Observatory
    • Observatory
    • Foundation Area
    • Foundation 1
    • Foundation 2
    • Building the Pier
    • Pier Completed
    • All wired up.
    • Ready for a nights work!
    • Observatory arrives
    • Neatly packed on the pallet
    • Construction underway
    • Ready to bolt the base to the concrete
    • Dome ready to go on.
    • Ready for side panel
    • Side panel fitted.
    • A look inside.
    • Solar Panel Power
    • Observatory 2
  • My Astro Imaging Gear
    • List of Hardware & Software
    • Connection Diagram - Electrical
    • Connection Diagrams - Hardware
    • Equatorial Mounts >
      • Takahashi EM 400 Temma 2
      • Takahashi EM200 Temma 2
    • Telescopes >
      • Takahashi FSQ130ED
      • Tak FSQ 106 ED
      • Tak FS 60 CB
      • Meade LX200R
    • Cameras >
      • QSI 6120i
      • QHY 5 II
      • Atik 460 EX
    • Other Equipment >
      • Filter Wheel & Filters
      • Other Gear
  • Information & Links
  • On a more personal note...